[191] Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, in his 1924 Sherlock Holmes tale The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire, mentions that Dr Watson played rugby for Blackheath. Rugby in the Middle East and the Gulf States has its history in the 1950s, with clubs formed by British and French Services stationed in the region after the Second World War. The Rugby Championship is the new name of the Southern Hemisphere’s annual international series for that region’s top national teams.

[36], The main responsibilities of the forward players are to gain and retain possession of the ball. [47], Rugby goalposts are H-shaped, and consist of two poles, 5.6m apart, connected by a horizontal crossbar 3m above the ground. Rugby Union:

[103], Although Argentina is the most well known rugby playing nation in South America, founding the Argentine Rugby Union in 1899,[104] several other countries on the continent also have a long history.

The Six Nations Championship in Europe and The Rugby Championship in the Southern Hemisphere (the latter replacing the Tri Nations) are major international competitions held annually.

[167] Mini rugby is another variant of rugby union aimed at fostering the sport in children. [159] As of 2009 over six hundred women’s internationals have been played by over forty different nations. Such a circumstance is called a breakdown and each is governed by a specific law. [179], Swedish football was a code whose rules were a mix of the association football rules and the rugby football rules. Each team starts the match with 15 players on the field.
[38], Ireland and Georgia contesting a lineout in the 2007 Rugby World Cup, When the ball leaves the side of the field, a lineout is awarded against the team which last touched the ball. [19] The New Zealand 1905 touring team performed a haka before each match, leading Welsh Rugby Union administrator Tom Williams to suggest that Wales player Teddy Morgan lead the crowd in singing the Welsh National Anthem, Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau, as a response. [185] The accumulated television audience for the event, then broadcast to 200 countries, was 4.2 billion. 1909-10-02 First Rugby Union match is played at the English RFU owned Twickenham ground; Harlequins beat Richmond, 14-10 1910-09-13 Regina Rugby Club forms 1910-09-22 Saskatchewan Rugby Football Union forms with an initial 9 team competition [76] According to the IRB, rugby union is played by men and women in over 100 countries. [175] For example, in the Encyclopedia Canadiana, the entry Rugby Football begins by referring to “the Canadian development of rugby union or “English rugger” introduced into Canada in the third quarter of the nineteenth century”, but later states that “the Canadian game is a radical departure from rugby union”. The second row consists of two locks or lock forwards.

The IRB Council has 26 seats. [75] The IRB headquarters are in Dublin, Ireland. Decision Draws Cheers and Complaints From Athletes”, “Amateur status attacked by MPs – Sport – The Independent”, “Peter Bills: Refereeing protocol rules over common sense”, “European Club Rugby: Key Tournament Rules”, “Regulation 12 Provisions relating to player dress”, “Russia to host 2013 Rugby World Cup Sevens”, “African Rugby unveils blueprint for growth”, “About North America Caribbean Rugby Association “NACRA””, “Confederación Sudamericana de Rugby (CONSUR)”, “SANZAR Boss Peters defends TriNations timing”, “HSBC join Cathay as Hong Kong Sevens sponsors”, “Scene set for an exciting Junior Trophy”, “The New Zealand Rugby Injury and Performance Project: II. [133] The premier international competition in rugby union for women is the Women’s Rugby World Cup, first held in 1991. [41], Three quarters [111] Rugby union was introduced to Japan in 1899 by Ginnosuke Tanaka a student of Trinity Hall, Cambridge and Edward Bramwell Clarke, who studied at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. The fullback normally positions himself several metres behind the back line. A more recent variant of the sport is Rugby tens (10’s or Xs), a Malaysian variant with ten players per side. In 1845, the first football laws were written by Rugby School pupils; other significant events in the early development of rugby include the Blackheath Club‘s decision to leave the Football Association in 1863 and the split between rugby union and rugby league in 1895.

After Morgan began singing, the crowd joined in: the first time a national anthem was sung at the start of a sporting event.

[69], The most basic items of equipment for a game of rugby union are the ball itself, a rugby shirt (also known as a “jersey”), rugby shorts, socks and boots. The most common items are mouthguards, which are worn by almost all players, and are compulsory in some rugby-playing nations. Each of the eight foundation unions – Scotland, Ireland, Wales, England, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and France – has two seats, and Argentina, Canada, Italy, Japan and the six regional associations each have one seat. [67], Occasionally, infringements are not caught by the referee during the match and these may be “cited” by the citing commissioner after the match and have punishments (usually suspension for a number of weeks) imposed on the infringing player.

The back row, not to be confused with ‘Backs’, is the third and final row of the forward positions, they are often referred to as the loose forwards. [9] Other important events include the Blackheath Club’s decision to leave the Football Association in 1863[10][11] and the formation of the Rugby Football Union in 1871. [150] Touring international sides would play Test matches against international opponents, including national, club and county sides in the case of Northern Hemisphere rugby, or provincial/state sides in the case of Southern Hemisphere rugby.

[3] Although the evidence for the story is doubtful,[4] it was immortalised at the school with a plaque unveiled in 1895. RugbyRedefined.com will become your site , that is all RUGBY UNION , so bookmark us and thank you for your visit today , we hope to see you again tomorrow or even again today at our Facebook Page facebook.com/RugbyRedefined, Timeline of foundation of national rugby unions, North American and Caribbean Rugby Association, Fédération Internationale de Rugby Amateur – Association Européenne de Rugby, other games originating in English public schools, “Origins of Rugby – Codification “The innovation of running with the ball was introduced some time between 1820 and 1830.””, “I.O.C.

[133] This was replaced in 1994 by the Rugby Football Union for Women (RFUW) in England with each of the other Home Nations governing their own countries. From its inception in 1996 through 2011, it was known as the Tri Nations, as it featured the hemisphere’s traditional powers of Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. Tag Rugby also varies in the fact that kicking the ball is not allowed. [142] These teams have dominated world rankings in recent years, and many considered the Tri Nations to be the toughest competition in international rugby.

[134] The second tournament took place in 1994, and since that date the competition has been held every four years. [52] The referee is responsible for keeping time, even when—as in many professional tournaments—he is assisted by an official time-keeper. A player may tackle an opposing player who has the ball by holding them while bringing them to ground. Six regional associations, which are members of the IRB, form the next level of administration; these are: SANZAR (South Africa, New Zealand and Australia Rugby) is a joint venture of the South African Rugby Union, the New Zealand Rugby Union and the Australian Rugby Union that operates Super Rugby and The Rugby Championship (formerly the Tri Nations before the entry of Argentina).


[38], Front row [39], The role of the backs is to create and convert point-scoring opportunities, they are generally smaller but faster and more agile than the forwards.

[75] As of November 2010 the IRB recorded 118 unions in its membership, either full members or associate member countries.

[48] The original pitch dimensions were in imperial units, but have since been converted to the metric system. This formation is known as the 3–4–1 formation. [36], Sébastien Chabal (far left) in number eight position before entering the scrum, Back row [152] In 1920, the United States, fielding a team with many players new to the sport of rugby, upset France in a shock win, eight points to zero.

Diagram of a rugby union playing field showing the different marked lines and distances.

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