Despite being produced more than a century ago, this one-cent American penny is still relatively common, likely due to its post-Civil War popularity. This was because zinc and iron form an electromagnetic "couple"; the two metals soon corrode when in contact with each other in a damp atmosphere. The reverse was designed by Frank Gasparro, an assistant mint engraver at the time, who later became the Mint’s Chief Engraver. It’s the longest-running coin design ever in the United States.

This coin is extremely rare in high grades. The design includes the inscriptions “United States of America” around the top of the coin, “E Pluribus Unum” (Out of Many, One) on the header at the top of the shield, and “One Cent” within a scroll draped across the shield. (They were actually called Large cents.) As of January 21, 2014, a pre-1982 cent contained 2.20325 cents' worth of copper and zinc, making it an attractive target for melting by people wanting to sell the metals for profit. The first pennies were made all the way back in 790 A.D. — now that’s a long time ago!
Over 16 million Draped Bust large cents were made between 1796 and 1807. [55], As a result, the U.S. Treasury loses millions of dollars every year producing cents. The mint struck approximately half the 1982 pennies from the copper alloy. All U.S. pennies made for circulation since 1983 contain a zinc core covered with a thin plating of copper.

However, the price of copper began rising, so the United States Treasury decided to change the composition of the Lincoln cent because the price of copper had simply gotten too expensive. MCM does not sell coins and numismatics as investments, but rather as collectibles. The Wreath Cent also has an inscription the edge reading “One Hundred For A Dollar.” From the summer of 1793 into the fall, Mint Director David Rittenhouse had the cents redesigned several times. The penny was the first currency authorized by the United States from the Mint Act of 1792 signed by George Washington. The new Coronet design featured an enlarged head of Liberty. Dawn N. Bothwell, M.D., and Eric A. Mair, M.D., FAAP. Wartime brass, 1944–1946. The Mint celebrated these events by giving the cent a new reverse design depicting the Lincoln Memorial.

The U.S. Mint produced its first circulating coins, the copper cents were minted in late February 1793, with over 11,000 copper cents delivered March 1, 1793.

[35], Copper-plated zinc, 1982–present. On Sunday morning, December 21, 1958, President Eisenhower issued a press release announcing that a new reverse design for the cent would begin production on January 2, 1959. There are a few 1943 cents that were produced in bronze, as opposed to the steel/zinc composition used that year.

From then to now, Flying Eagle Cents have proved enormously popular over the decades. Both organizations submitted their recommended designs to US Treasury Secretary Timothy Geitner, who selected the Union shield design. The collectible coin market is unregulated, highly speculative and involves risk. However, this series does not compare in sharpness and quality to the previous cent designs (1793 – 1807), or those struck later (1816 on). This is known as the 1955 doubled die cent. In mid-1982, the coin's composition was changed again, this time to copper-plated zinc. Proof Coin Set NGC GEM Proof FDI + 2019-W Lincoln Cent NGC GEM Proof UC FDI, 2019-S U.S. The cent's composition was changed in 1982 because the value of the copper in the coin started to rise above one cent.
Copper returned to the U.S. penny in 1944 — and the Lincoln penny contained mostly copper until 1982. By running the copper strips through the press, together with the pennies, he turned out Lincoln heads backed by the courthouse and the legend. The public soon complained that the new coins were becoming spotted and stained. They remain highly common today — even though they haven’t been seen in circulation with any bit of frequency for decades. The design on the first penny was of a woman with flowing hair symbolizing liberty. That’s when the first coin boards designed for holding Lincoln cents were released. A few copper cents from 1943 were produced from 1942 planchets remaining in the bins. All in all, the total production of the Indian Head cent was 1,849,648,000 pieces. The predominantly zinc coins make a lower-pitched "clunk", while the copper coins produce a higher-pitched ringing sound. The thickness of the planchet was reduced, which lost the lettering on the edge of the Large Cent. It has been the lowest-value physical unit of U.S. currency since the abolition of the half-cent in 1857 (the abstract mill, which has never been minted, equal to a tenth of a cent, continues to see limited use in the fields of taxation and finance). A few were distributed to members of the U.S. Congress, but aluminum was ultimately rejected for a variety of reasons. Proof Coin Set NGC GEM Proof FDI + 2019-W Lincoln Cent PF69 UC RD FDI, 2019-S U.S. When 1943 Bronze Cents are auctioned, they sell for well over $1 million. In 1982 the price of copper dictated a change in the composition of the Lincoln penny. : Zinc phosphide poisoning in dogs. Previously, a strong feeling had prevailed against using portraits on coins in the United States, but public sentiment stemming from the 100th anniversary celebration of Abraham Lincoln's birth proved stronger than the long-standing tradition. The new design was concurrent with an improvement in die steel allowing, for the first time, an unprecedented 300,000 impressions per working die. From 1959 until 1982 pennies were composed of 95% copper and 5% tin and zinc.

To produce Proof coinage for collectors, the U.S. Mint adopted the French technique of the Matte Proof, which was thought to highlight the design, while leaving the details of the coin as the designer intended.

Because of War-related hoarding the Mint decided to switch to a cheaper bronze alloy.

The following types of cents have been produced: Throughout its history, the Lincoln cent has featured several typefaces for the date, but most of the digits have been old-style numerals, except with the 4 and 8 neither ascending nor descending. There are more one-cent coins produced than any other denomination, which makes the Lincoln cent a familiar item. I’m also the editor at CDN Publishing (a trusted source for the price of U.S. rare coins), editor at the Florida United Numismatists Club (FUN Topics magazine), and author of Images of America: The United States Mint in Philadelphia (a book that explores the colorful history of the Philadelphia Mint). I've contributed hundreds of articles for various coin publications including COINage, The Numismatist, Numismatic News, Coin Dealer Newsletter, Coin Values, and CoinWeek. The same size was maintained, but the weight was reduced from the standard 48 grains (3.1 g) to 42 grains (2.7 g), by using a lighter alloy. Also, from 1935 to 1938, during the Christmas season, Werner made a design depicting Santa Claus.

The Lincoln cent is the current one-cent coin of the U.S. Thus in 1909 the U.S. had six different cents: the 1909 and 1909-S Indian Head cents, and four Lincoln coins: 1909 VDB, 1909-S VDB, 1909 and 1909-S.

Similarly, the digit 5 was small and non-descending up to 1945. Later, to commemorate the trial of Bruno Richard Hauptmann, Werner made another design depicting the Hunterdon County Courthouse, where the trial was held, and surrounded by the legend "HAUPTMANN TRIAL, Flemington, NJ". The fillet holding the hair on the previous Classic Head series was replaced by a coronet and the word LIBERTY was added in relief. Production commenced on February 27, 1943, and by December 31 of that year, the three Mint facilities had produced 1,093,838,670 of the one-cent coins. Many begin their numismatic journey by discovering an intriguing cent in their pocket change. Because of rising copper prices, the U.S. Treasury authorized the usage of a copper-plated zinc as the composition for the one-cent coin. [24][22] The new Union Shield design replaces the Lincoln memorial in use since 1959. Also, when the coin was first produced, Longacre's initials did not appear on the coin, but in 1864, he added a small "L" on Liberty’s ribbon that remained on the ribbon through the end of the series in 1909.

Pennies are actually British in origin. The same legislation that authorized the four reverse designs, also specified a fifth design to be issued in the following year, 2010, which would be emblematic of Lincoln’s preservation of the United States of America as a single and united country. Shell casings were no longer used after 1946 and the original copper-tin-zinc "bronze" composition was again used.

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