30°C) during low ambient temperatures (Heinrich 2004). 2012. 2009) and other bumble bee colonies (see Threats and Limiting Factors). The number of sex alleles in a population determines the proportion of diploids that are male and is itself determined primarily by the effective size of the population. 2010. Subclass: Pterygota – winged insects Bumble bees - and their decline in Britain.

The Canadian Entomologist 98:33–39.

2015). The genus Megabombus subgenus Megabombus. It too was listed as a questionable synonym in the treatments of Michener (1951) and Mitchell (1962; as B. americanorum var. 2014. 0 MSc Thesis, Carleton University.

The success of these programs is still being determined, as well as the harm that can be caused by releasing a non-native species. 2004. Queens and workers have pollen baskets on their hind legs. Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, BC, Galpern, Paul University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Jackson, Morgan. The generic name Bombus, assigned by Pierre André Latreille in 1802, is derived from the Latin word for a buzzing or humming sound, borrowed from Ancient Greek βόμβος (bómbos). Dunning.

Numerous studies are cited below that together frame a case for an overall decline in relative abundance and/or number of subpopulations throughout its range in Canada. 2009). Lozier, J.D., and S.A. Cameron.

Insectes Sociaux 55:153–162. 2009.

Ivie. Chen. There is little information on natural dispersal rates for bumble bees, including American Bumble Bee.

Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Photo of a male American Bumble Bee (pinned specimen, lateral view). These results are discussed in Fluctuations and Trends. Ecozones are one way of classifying the ecological framework of Canada (see Ecological Stratification Working Group 1996), with the country being divided into 16 terrestrial ecozones.

Bulletin of Insectology 1:35–40.

Honey is stored in the nest. 2004. Rau, P. 1922. A decline in common species is one of the silent challenges facing nature conservation simply because detailed records are often not kept for species that have historically been everywhere.

The increase in greenhouses translates into a decline in outdoor habitat for the bee, and a likely increase in the use of Common Eastern Bumble Bee as the greenhouse vegetable pollinator (see Threat 8.2). Phylum: Arthropoda – arthropods Nosema bombi is a microsporidian gut and tissue parasite of bumble bees which can reduce survival and foraging efficiency (Fisher and Pomeroy 1989).

A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Hughes. Neonicotinoids are commonly used on golf courses, ornamental plants and agricultural lands (Sur and Stork 2003). American Bumble Bee has a medium to large-sized body (queen 21 to 26 mm, worker 13 to 19 mm, male 16 to 22 mm) with a relatively long head (that is, the malar space, distance between the edge of the eye and edge of the jaws, is slightly longer than broad). The quality of citizen scientists‘ bee observations: An evaluation of PollinatorWatch at Royal Botanical Gardens and the rare Charitable Research Reserve.

Species: Bombus pensylvanicus (DeGeer, 1773) The International Union for Conservation of Nature is the world’s oldest and largest global environmental organization made up of more than 1,000 organizations, as well as 10,000 individual scientists and experts working on conservation around the globe. Cory then worked on post-doctoral studies at York University, ON in bee taxonomy and DNA barcoding, followed by a research associate position in bee taxonomy with the Canadian Pollination Initiative (CANPOLIN).

Subfamily: Apinae – honey bees, bumble bees, digger bees, orchid bees, stingless bees, and others This parasite is known to adversely impact the health of bumble bees. Family: Apidae – honey bees, bumble bees, carpenter bees and allies [the non-megachilid long-tongued bees] The American Bumble Bee is an important pollinator of a variety of plant species. Otterstatter, M., and T.L. Graystock, P., K. Yates, S.E.F. Yet in his revision, Milliron (1973) only examined six female specimens from Canada, which may suggest a decline in the following twenty years (supported in Table 1 and Figure 6), or that the species may periodically be locally abundant (that is, Pengelly 1953). Oikos 114:407–418. Canadian Biodiversity: Ecosystem Status and Trends 2010, Evidence for Key Findings Summary Report No.

In the Common Eastern Bumble Bee (B. impatiens), females mate with a single male during a single mating event and (as with all bees) the sperm is stored in a spermatheca until used in fertilization (Greeff and Schmid-Hempel 2008).

McGauley, E. 2004. Andrachuk, H. 2014. Thus, the use of insecticides and herbicides for garden, ornamental, and other residential purposes may pose a risk to all bumble bees, including this species.

32+832 pp. Other examples include them nesting in an abandoned House Wren nest under the roof of a building at a height of 3.65 m (Osborn 1883) and within an old rodent’s den in a hollow of a fallen log (Rau 1941). 2004. Synonyms of Bombus pensylvanicus: 2002. 2004. Whitehorn, P., S. O’Connor, F.L. Hatfield, R.G., and G. LeBuhn.

Bombus titusi Ashmead, 1902: 50 The specimen is actually from New Mexico. 34 to 80%; see Colla et al.

vi + 46 p. Javorek, S.K., R. Antonowitsch, C. Callaghan, M. Grant, and T. Weins. Technical Bulletin, Oregon State College, Agricultural Experiment Station 40:1–163. $W�X��k8�X"������ $����zA��6e �$LA� @�;#� H���\�?C�� J�1 Prevalence of Sphaerularia bombi (Nematoda: Tylenchida: Sphaerulariidae) in bumble bee queens (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. Two of the parasite species involved in spillover to wild bumble bee, Crithidia bombi and Nosema bombi, have detrimental effects on colony-founding queens, foraging workers and entire nests (Brown et al.

NatureServe Conservation Status Assessments: Factors for Assessing Extinction Risk. The general threat of invasive species in the many parts of Canada is not well-studied; however, it has been identified as an important research priority in many places in Canada, including Ontario (Langor et al. Delphia, K.M. Conversely, activities that create open grassy areas potentially create habitat for this species. The global range of American Bumble Bee is primarily within United States, with approximately 7.1% of its range in Canada. Forest Ecology and Management 260:904–1002.

Apidologie 39:46–74. For instance, Cane and Tepedino (2016) calculate that a during a single month an individual healthy honey bee colony can collect enough pollen that would otherwise produce 33,000 native bee progeny, thus reducing overall fecundity of nesting bees in the area.

Harder. The use of the highly successful (that is, competitive) Common Eastern Bumble Bee, native to Canada in Ontario and Québec (Laverty and Harder 1988) but now used for pollination of greenhouse crops (for example, tomato) and field crops (for example, blueberry) across most of southern Canada may further impact American Bumble Bee populations in southern Ontario. Cockerell. Annual Review of Entomology 49:271–298. PLoS One 3:e2771. Recent bumble bee surveys (Sheffield pers. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC. Bombus impatiens, the common eastern bumble bee, is the most commonly encountered bumblebee across much of eastern North America. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 235 pp. Commercial bumble bees have been found to have high prevalence of these parasites (approx.

2014), a species that is now exceptionally rare in North America, likely as a result of the declining numbers of its host (Williams et al.

Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 89:81–237. 2014), grasslands, and other undisturbed open habitats. Brown, B. Darvill, and D. Goulson.

Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. James, J. Effects of novel pesticides on bumble bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colony health and foraging ability. The European Honey Bee has been in North America for hundreds of years making it difficult to correlate the suspected decline of American Bumble Bee to direct competition with managed honey bees. Molecular Ecology 18:1875–1886. The body hair is short and even. Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire des insectes. Liu.

Ecological Entomology 39:17–29. There are a relatively small number of bumblebee species (about 250) and assessments in Europe and North America show that about ¼ of the assessed species are threatened with extinction. The good news is that there are lots of resources available to help you look out for the bumblebee species living in your neighborhood. Southwards, the species ranges into Mexico, with a few specimens recorded from Central America as far south as Costa Rica. 2012. 2014). Synopsis of bees of Oregon, Washington, British Columbia and Vancouver. Click for a hub of Extension resources related to the current COVID-19 situation. ... Scientific Name: Bombus impatiens.

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